311 BC - Etruscans join the Samnites against Rome.
314 BC - Battle of Teracina - Roman victory under Fabius Rulianus.326 BC - Start of the Second Samnite War.Second (or Great) Samnite War (326 to 304 BC) The tribes of Samnium, who held the Apennines to the southeast of Latium, were Rome's most formidable rivals. The First, Second, and Third Samnite wars, between the early Roman Republic and the tribes of Samnium, extended over half a century, involving almost all the states of Italy, and ended in Roman domination of the Samnites.
The destruction of Athens' fleet at Aegospotami effectively ended the war, and Athens surrendered in the following year. In this phase, Sparta, now receiving support from Persia, supported rebellions in Athens' subject states in the Aegean Sea and Ionia, undermining Athens' empire, and, eventually, depriving the city of naval supremacy. This ushered in the final phase of the war, generally referred to either as the Decelean War, or the Ionian War. In 415 BC, Athens dispatched a massive expeditionary force to attack Syracuse in Sicily the attack failed disastrously, with the destruction of the entire force, in 413 BC. That treaty, however, was soon undermined by renewed fighting in the Peloponnesus. This period of the war was concluded in 421 BC, with the signing of the Peace of Nicias. In the first, the Archidamian War, Sparta launched repeated invasions of Attica, while Athens took advantage of its naval supremacy to raid the coast of the Peloponnese attempting to suppress signs of unrest in its empire. Historians have traditionally divided the war into three phases. The Peloponnesian War (431–404 BC) was an Ancient Greek military conflict, fought by Athens and its empire against the Peloponnesian League, led by Sparta. Neo-Assyrian Empire - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Though the Assyrians during the reign of Ashurbanipal destroyed the Elamite civilization, the Assyrians' culture did influence the succeeding empires of the Medes and the Persians, Indo-Iranian peoples who had been dominated by Assyria. More than half a century later, Babylonia and Assyria became provinces of the Persian Empire. The earliest Assyrian kings such as Tudiya were relatively minor rulers, and after the founding of the Akkadian Empire, which lasted from 2334 BC to 2154 BC, these kings became subject to Sargon of Akkad, who united all the Akkadian and Sumerian speaking peoples of Mesopotamia under one rule.Īssyria finally succumbed to a coalition of Babylonians, Medes, Scythians, and others at the Fall of Nineveh in 612 BC, and the sacking of its last capital Harran in 608 BC. Assyria was originally an Akkadian kingdom which evolved in the 25th to 24th Centuries BC.
During this period, Assyria assumed a position as the most powerful state on earth, successfully eclipsing Babylonia, Egypt, Urartu/ Armenia and Elam for dominance of the Near East, Asia Minor, Caucasus, North Africa and east Mediterranean, though not until the reforms of Tiglath-Pileser III in the 8th century BC did it become a vast empire. The Neo-Assyrian Empire was an empire in Mesopotamian history which began in 934 BC and ended in 609 BC.
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